InBonsai

Herbs & Spices

GARLIC

(ALLIUM SATIVUM)

A widely used spice vegetable, containing the antibacterial agent allicin, effective in preventing digestive cancer and reducing blood lipids.

Conditions

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Cool Climate
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Moist Water Needs
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Loose Soil Type

Preparation

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Cloves Bulbs
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50k Plants/1000m²
Row 18-20 cm, Plant 8-10 cm

Water Needs

Max
Moist, intolerant to drought/waterlogging
Garlic

Garlic

Allium sativum L

13-15
Tons/ha Yield
130
Days to Harvest
spa

1. Bio Characteristics

Fascicled, short roots. Bulb stem consisting of multiple cloves. Thin, flat leaves with a waxy layer.

Wide temperature adaptation
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2. Uses

Spice (stir-fry, pickling) and Medicine (antibacterial, lowers blood pressure, prevents cancer).

Value: High
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3. Technique

Winter crop (Aug-Nov). Plant with cloves. Mulch with straw to retain moisture.

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Moist
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Mulch
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Density

favorite I. Uses & Value

Garlic is a spice vegetable widely used in daily meals. Garlic is used for pickling in vinegar and chili, stir-frying dishes, and marinating food.

"Antibacterial agent allicin - prevents cancer"

Medicinal Value:

  • Contains the antibacterial agent allicin (a sulfur compound) with strong bactericidal effects, preventing digestive cancer.
  • Reduces nitrite in the stomach, reducing nitrosamine formation (carcinogen).
  • Treats flu, bloating, indigestion, high blood pressure.

Note: Before cooking, peel and crush garlic, leave it exposed to air for 15 minutes to preserve allinase enzyme activity.

spa II. Biological Characteristics

  • Roots: Fascicled roots, short, poorly developed, concentrated in the surface layer. Intolerant to drought.
  • Stem: True stem is degenerated (basal plate) lying close under the false stem (bulb). True stem has vegetative and reproductive buds.
  • Bulb: Consists of branches (cloves) linked by thin membranes. Each bulb has 7-10+ cloves.
  • Leaves: Thin, flat blade leaves with a thin waxy layer.
  • Climate: Prefers cool, cold weather, cold-tolerant. Wide temperature adaptability (tolerant to both cold and heat).
  • Light: Light-loving, long-day plant.
  • Water: Moisture-loving, intolerant to drought and waterlogging.
  • Soil: Grows well on light, loose soil rich in organic matter, pH 5.5 - 6.8.

agriculture III. Cultivation Techniques

1. Season

  • Early crop: Late August - early October. (High price but unstable yield).
  • Main crop: Sept 15-20 to end of October.
  • South: End of rainy season.

2. Soil & Fertilizers

Rotation: With wet rice or non-allium crops.

Bedding: 1.2-1.5m wide, 0.15-0.2m high, furrow 0.25-0.3m.

Fertilizer for 1,000m²:

  • check_circle Organic: 2.0 - 2.5 tons (poultry manure best)
  • check_circle Urea: 20 - 25kg
  • check_circle Superphosphate: 40 - 45kg
  • check_circle Potassium Chloride: 20 - 25kg

* Basal application: All organic, phosphate + 1/3 Potassium + 1/4 Urea (mixed in soil 7-10cm deep).

3. Planting & Care

  • Seed: Clean base, peel sheath, keep clove skin. (70-80kg seed/1000m²).
  • Spacing: Row 18-20cm, plant 8-10cm. (50k plants/1000m²). Press clove 1/3-1/2 depth.
  • Mulching: Use 100-200kg straw/1000m² to cover beds for moisture, warmth, weed control.
  • Watering:
    - New planting: 1-2 times/day (morning/afternoon).
    - 7-10 days after sprouting: Furrow irrigation (flood 1/2 bed then drain).
    - Stop watering 1 month before harvest.
  • Top dressing: 3-4 times.
    - 1st: 15-20 days after planting (1-2 true leaves). Liquid 1-2% or dry scatter then water.
    - 2nd: 30-35 days after planting + Potassium 1st time.
    - 3rd: 45-55 days after planting.
    - 4th (Potassium 2nd time): 60-65 days after planting.
  • Pest control: Downy mildew (use pesticides if needed), weeds (hand pull). Rotate crops.

inventory_2 IV. Harvest & Storage

  • Timing: 125-130 days after planting. When bulbs mature, leaves dry and die naturally, neck shrinks.
  • Method: Pull plants, shake off soil, air dry in field.
  • Storage: Bundle (50-100 bulbs or 2kg), dry under mild sun, hang in dry cool place.
  • Yield: Avg 13-15 tons/ha, high up to 30 tons/ha.
Fertilizer (for 1,000m²)
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2-2.5 Tons Organic
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20-25 kg Urea
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40-45 kg Superphosphate
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20-25 kg Potassium

Growth Process

Plant & Mulch

Sep-Oct. Mulch to retain moisture.

Care & Dressing

Water, Top dress 4 times.

Stop Watering

1 month before harvest.

Harvest

After 125-130 days.